Sacred Places Class Definitions
2007
/ 2012 /
2014
Prof. Sienkewicz'
Personal Statement of Sacred Space
Sacred Places (General):
Definition by
Episcopal Diocese of Minnesota:
http://www.env-steward.com/reflect/space.htm
The Code of Canon Law. See especially "Sacred
Places and Times"
http://www.ourladyswarriors.org/canon/c1205-1253.htm
"Sacred Space: Your Daily Prayer On-Line"
http://www.jesuit.ie/where-we-work/sacred-space and
http://www.sacredspace.ie/
Torah: Holy Actions are what makes Sacred Space
Lovely
http://www.jweekly.com/article/full/72398/torah-holy-actions-are-what-make-sacred-spaces-lovely/
Gibbs, John G. "Sacred
Space in Biblical Perspective"
http://www.env-steward.com/reflect/space/bible-ss.htm
Impressions of Sacred Space:
http://www.env-steward.com/reflect/space/imp-ss.htm
Witcombe, Christopher L.C. E. "Sacred Places."
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/sacredplacesintro.html
This site is an excellent introduction to the topic of sacred places. It
includes an introduction on sacredness and site links to major sacred
places around the world, many of which are topics for this course.
"God in America: Sacred Spaces"
http://www.pbs.org/godinamerica/outreach/tour.html
Visiting Sacred Spaces:
http://www-tc.pbs.org/godinamerica/art/VisitingSacredSpaces.pdf
Catawba College: Sacred Spaces:
http://faculty.catawba.edu/cmcallis/history/spaces/spaces.htm
Beyond Belief: Religions and the Environment
http://www.arcworld.org/downloads/WWF%20Beyond%20Belief.pdf
Partners for Sacred Places:
http://www.sacredplaces.org
Building Your Own Sacred Space: Setting Up a Buddhist Altar
http://www.abuddhistlibrary.com/Buddhism/A%20-%20Tibetan%20Buddhism/Authors/Yutang%20Lin/Setting%20Up%20An%20Altar/A%20Brief%20Introduction%20to%20Setting%20up%20a%20Buddhist%20Altar.htm
Witcombe, Christopher L. C. E. "Sacred Caves."
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/caves.html
Witcombe, Christopher L. C. E. "Stones and the
Sacred."
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/stones.html
Witcombe, Christopher L.C. E. "Mountains and the
Sacred."
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/mountains.htm
Witcombe, Christopher L.C. E. "Trees and the Sacred."
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/trees.html
Witcombe, Christopher L. C. E. "Water and the
Sacred."
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/water.html
Gray, Martin. Sacred Sites: Places of Peace and Power.
http://www.sacredsites.com/.
See especially the initial slide show and bibliography.
"Sacred and Magical Places: An Introduction"
http://sacredsites.com/sacred_places/sacred_and_magical_places_introduction.html
"Sacred Geometry"
http://sacredsites.com/sacred_places/sacred_geography.html
"Categories of Sacred Space"
http://sacredsites.com/sacred_places/categories_of_sacred_spaces.html
Sacred Places (More Specific):
Swami B.G. Narasingha. "Vastu Shastra and
Sacred Architecture"
http://gosai.com/writings/vastu-shastra-and-sacred-architecture
Condren, Mary D. "Sacred Spaces: What Makes Them
Sacred?"
(feminist theory)
Mircea Eliade and the Sacred:
Durham, John C. “Eliade: Sacred
and Profane.”
http://www.bytrentsacred.co.uk/index.php/eliade-sacred-and-profane
http://www.bytrentsacred.co.uk/index.php/eliade-sacred-and-profane/1-sacred-space
http://www.bytrentsacred.co.uk/index.php/eliade-sacred-and-profane/2-sacred-time
Cummings, Randal Lee. “A Synopsis
of Eliade's The Sacred and the Profane.”
http://www.csun.edu/~rcummings/sacred.html
Kelly, Joseph F, and
Sheila E. McGinn. "The Basic Ideas of Mircea Eliade's The Sacred and the
Profane"
http://fmmh.ycdsb.ca/teachers/fmmh_mcmanaman/pages/tok_eliade.pdf;
Basic Ideas:
http://www.jcu.edu/Bible/101/Readings/Ritual/EliadeSummary.htm
Eliade Powerpoint
Sacred
Places Around the World:
Sacred Destinations Travel Guide:
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/
UNESCO World Heritage list:
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/
Sacred Landscapes:
http://www.luckymojo.com/sacredtourismlist.html
Gray, Martin. Sacred Sites: Places of Peace and Power.
http://www.sacredsites.com/.
See especially the initial slide show and bibliography.
Jagannatha Puri:
http://ws.ori.nic.in/jagannath/
Narasingha, Swami B. G. "Vastu
Shastra and Sacred Architecture":
http://www.gosai.com/chaitanya/saranagati/html/nmj_articles/sacred_architecture/vastu-shastra.html
http://www.jagannathpuri.com/index.aspx
Stonehenge:
Witcombe, Christopher L. C. E.
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/stonehenge.html
Caesar, Ed. "What Lies Beneath," Smithsonian
45 (September 2014), pp. 30-41:
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/new-light-on-stonehenge-11706891/?no-ist
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xl6PaGi270Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yP2DlTwQuIY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZwylvOj1r0Q
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yz0xNkMmAI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6oxmxPKoSE
http://www.sacredsites.com/europe/england/stonehenge.html
http://ancient-wisdom.co.uk/englandstonehenge.htm
http://www.activemind.com/Mysterious/Topics/stonehenge/
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/england/stonehenge
http://www.stonehenge.co.uk/
http://www.britannia.com/history/h7.html
http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.876
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/wiltshire/5102130.stm
http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/glossary/stonehenge.html
http://www.britannia.com/history/pretime.html
Cordoba:
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/spain/cordoba-mezquita
http://www.infocordoba.com/spain/andalusia/cordoba/info/mosque/mosque_visitor_guide.htm
(note plan)
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/cordoba.html
http://www.cyberspain.com/ciudades-patrimonio/fotos/cormez.htm
http://www.islamicity.com/Culture/MOSQUES/Europe/cordoba.htm
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-islam/islamic-art-early/a/the-great-mosque-of-cordoba
http://www.andalucia.com/cities/cordoba/mosque.htm
http://www.infocordoba.com/spain/andalusia/cordoba/photos/mosque_1/index.htm
(photo gallery, exterior)
http://www.infocordoba.com/spain/andalusia/cordoba/photos/mosque_2/index.htm
(photo gallery, interior)
http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/spain/cordoba/mezquita/mezquita.html
(photo gallery)
http://islam-watch.org/AdrianMorgan/Muslim_Commandeer_Spain_Cathedral.htm
(mosque and church)
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6213665.stm (initial response by bishop
of Cordoba)
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2006/dec/28/spain.catholicism (Pope
Benedict XVI re Muslims in mosque)
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/apr/01/muslim-catholic-mosque-fight
(Fight in mosque)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_campaign_at_C%C3%B3rdoba_Cathedral
(More on the fight)
https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/3589/cordoba-cathedral-muslim-prayer
http://www.truthandgrace.com/muslimhateforspain.htm (Christian
polemic on the question)
http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/5/24/cordoba-mosque-cathedral-controversy.html
http://www.danielpipes.org/blog/719 (An
interesting twist: Mosque in Cordoba vs. Church in Damascus)
http://peoplesgeography.com/2010/08/16/a-cartoonists-look-at-the-911-mosque/
(Cordoba and 9-11!
El
Camino de Santiago
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/spain/santiago-cathedral
http://www.santiago-compostela.net/
http://www.caminosantiagodecompostela.com/
http://www.americanpilgrims.com/camino/history.html
http://www.theway-themovie.com/camino.php
Cuelho's "Road to Santiago" (video)
"Temple of the Stars" (intro)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qU4zc0MFKMI
"Temple of the Stars"
(full):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=blK3IF51B0M
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZKav766t7U
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=blK3IF51B0M
Muir Woods:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eavnXMXC4JY
National Park Service:
http://www.nps.gov/muwo/
Muir Woods National Monument:
http://www.parksconservancy.org/visit/park-sites/muir-woods-national-monument.html
Virtual Tour:
http://www.virtuar.com/marin/Muir/muir_woods_virtual_tour.htm
Biography of John Muir:
http://vault.sierraclub.org/john_muir_exhibit/life/muir_biography.aspx
Parthenon:
http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Arts/Parthenon.htm
http://www.ancient-greece.org/architecture/parthenon.html
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/architindex?entry=Athens,Parthenon
http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/The_Parthenon.html
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/Unlocking-Mysteries-of-the-Parthenon.html
http://www.greece.org/parthenon/marbles/history1.htm
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/parthenon-lives.html
http://www.metacafe.com/watch/522405/the_parthenon/
Nashville Parthenon:
https://www.google.com/search?q=parthenon+nashville&hl=en&rlz=1R2ADFA_enUS472&prmd=imvns&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=z_h6T_OVGYriggfLrv2ZAw&ved=0CEAQsAQ&biw=1280&bih=789
Parthenon Frieze:
Parthenon
Frieze:
http://www.parthenonfrieze.gr/#/?lang=en&w=1280
(be sure to click on English at bottom right)
Greek Ministry of Culture:
http://www.ekt.gr/parthenonfrieze/index.jsp?lang=en&w=1280
Ancient Greek Cities:
http://www.sikyon.com/athens/Parthenon/frieze01_eg.html
Columbia University:
http://www.mcah.columbia.edu/parthenon/flash/main.htm
http://www.hammerwood.mistral.co.uk/elgin.htm
Here are some helpful reviews of books about the
Parthenon and its frieze:
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/2005/2005-11-10.html
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/2000/2000-05-18.html
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/2002/2002-06-14.html
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/1997/97.04.29.html
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/2003/2003-07-33.html
Olympia Sanctuary
http://www.greek-thesaurus.gr/Ancient-Olympia-the-sanctuary.html
http://www.pantheon.org/articles/o/olympia.html
http://www.olympia-greece.org/history.html
http://buffaloah.com/a/virtual/greece/olympia/sanc/index.html
Delphi:
Ancient Greek Cities:
http://ancient-greece.org/archaeology/delphi-archaeology.html
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/delphi.html
http://www.travel-to-arachova.com/delphi.php
http://www.ancient-greece.org/architecture/delphi-temple-of-apollo.html
Siphnian Treasury:
www.ancient-greece.org/museum/muse-delphi-siphnos.html
Ancient-Greece.org. Temple of Apollo.
http://www.ancient-greece.org/architecture/delphi-temple-of-apollo.html
Grout, James. The Serpent Column at Delphi in Encyclopoedia
Romana. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/circusmaximus/delphi.html
Serpent Column in Istanbul:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpent_Column
Hayes, Holly. Ancient Delphi in Sacred
Destinations.
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/greece/delphi.htm
Morden, Margaret E. Delphi, Oracle of Apollo.:
http://www.odysseyadventures.ca/articles/delphi/articledelphi.htm
Sandels, V. E. K. Delphi in In2Greece.com
http://www.in2greece.com/english/places/historical/mainland/delphi.htm
Siegel, Janice. Dr. Js Illustrated Delphi.
http://people.hsc.edu/drjclassics/sites/delphi/delphi.sht
Witcombe, L. C. E. Sacred Places: Delphi, Greece
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/delphi.html
Homeric Hymn to Apollo
http://www.chs.harvard.edu/CHS/article/display/6294
Sienkewicz, Thomas. Homeric Hymn to Apollo: An Analysis
http://www.tomsienkewicz.com/Classics/Courses/CLAS230/MythDocuments/Apollo.HomericHymn.Analysis.htm
http://www.indiana.edu/~dmdhist/Pausaniasdelphi.htm (abridged)
Ritual
Animal Sacrifice
Roman
Sacrifice
http://www.aviewoncities.com/rome/arapacis.htm (Ara Pacis--Altar of
Peace)
http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Guide_to_Sacrifice
http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/sacrifices_in_ancient_rome.htm
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/secondary/SMIGRA*/Sacrificium.html
http://www.the-romans.co.uk/prayer.htm
http://www.romanarmy.net/sacrifices.shtml
http://people.opposingviews.com/religious-offerings-sacrifices-greek-gods-6368.html
Animal Sacrifice in World Religions:
http://www.mamiwata.com/animals.html
http://www.mamiwata.com/bible.html
Sacrifice in the Old
Testment (Sacrifice of Abraham)
http://skepticsannotatedbible.com/contra/desire.html
http://www.rationalchristianity.net/abe_isaac.html
Islam
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eid_al-Adha
http://www.renaissance.com.pk/JanIslamiShari12y5.htm
Greece
(ancient and modern)
http://atheism.about.com/library/FAQs/religion/blgrk_rituals08.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kourbania
http://orthodoxwiki.org/Kourbania
http://www.arch.uoa.gr/fileadmin/arch.uoa.gr/uploads/images/evy_johanne_haland/cosmos_24_haland.pdf
Hinduism
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_sacrifice_in_Hinduism
http://people.opposingviews.com/hinduism-beliefs-sacrifice-4262.html
http://www.hinduismtoday.com/modules/smartsection/item.php?itemid=5262
http://www.ted.com/conversations/9885/should_animal_sacrifice_contin.html
Animal Sacrifice in Other Cultures
http://altreligion.about.com/od/controversymisconception/f/animal_sacrifice.htm
http://santeriachurch.org/our-services/ritual-and-sacrifice/
http://pub47.bravenet.com/faq/show.php?usernum=3951612168&catid=105
http://www.buddhistchannel.tv/index.php?id=8,665,0,0,1,0
Mecca:
National Geographic:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jM81wroj_MQ
Hajj Prep: Search Soul, Buy Sturdy Shoes, Pay the Dentist
Diaa Hadid, a Times correspondent, is getting ready for her first hajj, the
annual pilgrimage to Mecca.
And her family and colleagues have plenty of advice.Read More: http://nyti.ms/2cyISgm
ard Postcard From Mecca:
http://nyti.ms/2cyJ7Iq
The Road to Makka
Journey to Mecca: In
the Footsteps of Ibn Battuta is an IMAX dramatised documentary film
charting the first real-life journey made by the Islamic scholar Ibn
Battuta from his native Morocco to Mecca for the Hajj, in 1325.
Epidauros:
http://www.theoi.com/Ouranios/Asklepios.html
http://www.worldheritagesite.org/sites/epidaurus.html
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/491
http://odysseus.culture.gr/h/3/eh351.jsp?obj_id=2374
http://images.mitrasites.com/temple-of-asclepius-epidauros.html
http://Classics.unc.edu/courses/clar244/4th-cClass.html
http://eb.tbicl.org/epidaurus/
http://www.altani.gr/english/sel1.htm
St. Peter's Basilica:
http://www.saintpetersbasilica.org/
http://www.saintpetersbasilica.org/tours.htm
(on-line documents on St. Peters' Basilica)
St. Peter's
Basilica - A Brief History by Fr. Carolan, OMI, English Guides to St.
Peter's
St.
Peter's - Guide to the Basilica and Square
by Nicolo Suffi, ©Libreria
Editrice Vaticana
Guide to Saint
Peter's Basilica
by Fr. Giovanni Giuliani OFM Conv
©1995 A.T.S. Italia- Roma
THE TOMB OF ST. PETER
by Margherita Guarducci
© 1960, Hawthorn Books
The Dome of the Rock:
The Noble Sanctuary
http://www.noblesanctuary.com/
A well-done site from a Muslim perspective that doesn't deny the
existence of the earlier Jewish temples. They are developing an
interactive CD-Rom about the site.
Dome of the Rock
http://www.sacredsites.com/1st30/domeof.html
(Personal Page, Martin Gray) Authored by an anthropologist/
photographer, this lengthy article is accompanied by some nice photos.
Dome of the Rock, Israel
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/domeofrock.html
(Sweet Briar College) Features three photos of the interior of the
mosque. Text is limited and contains some biblical/historical errors.
Dome of the Rock
http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Dome_of_the_Rock.html
(Great Buildings Online) Examines the Dome of the Rock from an
architectural point of view. Includes photos and a free downloadable 3D
model.
http://www.bibleplaces.com/domeofrock.htm
El Aqsa Mosque
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-al-aqsa-mosque
The Importance of Masjid al Aqsa to Muslims
http://www.jannah.org/articles/aqsa.html
(Personal Page) Part of an extensive website on Islam
http://www.jannah.org/articles/index.html
Article by a member of the Muslim Student Association, Brigham Young
University.
Jerusalem: History Lessons (Aqsa)
http://www.albalagh.net/food_for_thought/aqsa.shtml
(Albalagh) Provides eye-opening insight into Muslim thought on their
history, religion, and responsibility to Jihad.
Mosques Around The World
http://islam.org/Culture/Mosques/Default.htm
(Islam.org) Photographs, mostly small, of Muslim places of worship
around the world, including Mecca and Medina.
Todai-Ji:
http://www.orientalarchitecture.com/nara/todaijiindex.htm
http://www.taleofgenji.org/todaiji.html
http://www.yamasa.org/japan/english/destinations/nara/todaiji.html
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/japan/nara-todaiji.htm (includes
satillete map)
http://www.onmarkproductions.com/html/birushana.shtml (on the
birushana)
Chartres:
http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/arch/chartres_ext.html
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/chartres.html
http://www.chartres-csm.org/us_fixe/cathedrale/
http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/index/index.html#france
http://www.ac-orleans-tours.fr/hist-geo3/chartres/cathedra.htm
(in French)
ttp://www.johnjames.com.au/writings-byjohnjames.shtml
http://www.labyrinthsociety.org/
http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Chartres_Cathedral.html
Nauvoo:
http://www.nauvootemple.com/
http://users.marshall.edu/~brown/nauvoo/nt-parent.html
http://www.ldschurchtemples.com/nauvoo/
Conversation with a Church Leader
http://www.moroni10.com/LDS/temple_tour.html
https://www.lds.org/church/temples/nauvoo-illinois
https://www.lds.org/church/temples/why-we-build-temples?lang=eng
https://www.lds.org/church/temples/why-mormons-build-temples?lang=eng/
Also consult
Sacred Places Bibliography
This material has been published on the web by Prof. Tom Sienkewicz for his students
at Monmouth College. If you have any questions, you can
contact him at
tjsienkewicz@monmouthcollege.edu.
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